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Online speech and its consequences in Pakistan, 2016 to present

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PPC Section 295-B: Defiling, etc., of copy of Holy Quran

Pakistan Penal Code (PPC), 1860

What this section covers

Official heading: Defiling, etc., of copy of Holy Quran

Wilfully defiling, damaging or desecrating a copy of the Holy Quran or using it in a derogatory manner.

Maximum penalty: Imprisonment for life

Part of the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC), 1860. Pakistan's main criminal code, enacted in 1860 and amended many times since. It defines most crimes and their punishments. The sections tracked here are those reports cite in speech cases: conspiracy and sedition-type offences (121-A, 131), promoting enmity between groups (153-A), statements causing public mischief (505), criminal intimidation (506), and the blasphemy laws (295-A to 298-C).

A plain-language explanation, not legal advice. The official text always takes precedence.

Official text

The official consolidated text, published by the Ministry of Law and Justice on Pakistan Code:


Recent incidents citing this law

The following verified cases are currently mapped on Silenced under this law.

30 verified incidents whose report cites 295-B. Citations are read automatically from news reports and can be incomplete; inclusion does not verify the allegation.

  1. Mentally challenged man held for blasphemy

    · Sahiwal, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    SAHIWAL: Kasowal police on Friday arrested a man and registered a case against him on charges of desecrating the Holy Quran at Adda Iqbalnagar. Reports said Sub-Inspector Muhammad Ali of Okanwala Bangla police station was travelling with his team in an official vehicle when they received a call on 15 about the alleged desecration of the Holy Quran.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  2. Four sentenced to death in Lahore in 2022 blasphemy case

    · Lahore, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PECA 11; PPC 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298-A

    LAHORE: A sessions court on Saturday sentenced four men to death in a 2022 blasphemy case registered by the then cybercrime wing of the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA). Each convict was sentenced to death and fined Rs500,000 under Section 295-C of the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC), and given life imprisonment under Section 295-B.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  3. Creators, admins of WhatsApp groups not criminally liable for posts made by members: LHC

    · Lahore, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PECA 11; PPC 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298-A

    LAHORE: In a case pertaining to blasphemy, the Lahore High Court (LHC) on Thursday held that the “mere creation or administration of a WhatsApp group does not, by itself, make the creator or administrator criminally liable for every post made by its members”. The court issued the directives while denying post-arrest bail to a man accused of uploading and sharing blasphemous content through WhatsApp groups.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  4. توہین رسالت کا مقدمہ: جرم ثابت ہونے پر 3 ملزمان کو سزائے موت اور عمر قید کی سزا

    · South Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B, 295-C, 298-A

    توہین رسالت کیس میں جرم ثابت ہونے پر عدالت نے 3 ملزمان کو سزائے موت اور عمر قید کی سزا سنادی۔ ملزمان کے خلاف 2023 میں پیکا قوانین، 295 سی کے تحت مقدمہ درج کیا گیا تھا، ملزمان کا تعلق جنوبی وزیرستان، پشاور اور ڈی آئی خان سے ہے۔

    View on map · Daily Express ↗

  5. Man sentenced to death for blasphemy by Lahore sessions court

    · Lahore, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PECA 11; PPC 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298-A

    A Lahore sessions court sentenced a man to death on Wednesday for committing blasphemy against the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him), other Islamic figures and religious rituals. The first information report (FIR) — a copy of which is available with Dawn.com — of the case was filed at the Shahdara Town police station on September 29, 2020, by a member of the Tehreek-i-Labbaik Pakistan party under Sections 295A (deliberate and malicious acts intended to outrage religious feelings of any class…

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  6. Peshawar doctor denied bail in blasphemy case

    · Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    PESHAWAR: A local court has rejected bail plea of a doctor arrested on charges of desecration of the Holy Quran in Hayatabad Township last month. The judge observed that the accused-petitioner after his arrest rightly pointed out the place of occurrence where he admitted he had thrown away by desecrating the copies of the Holy Quran.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  7. سوشل میڈیا پر مذہبی تویین آمیز مواد پھیلانے پر 2 ملزمان کو سزائے موت سنادی گئی

    · Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B, 295-C, 298-A

    ڈسٹرکٹ اینڈ سیشن کورٹ آسلام آباد نے سوشل میڈیا پر مذہبی توہین آمیز مواد پھیلانے کے الزامات پر 2 ملزمان کو سزائے موت سنا دی۔ سزائے موت اسلام آباد کے ایڈیشنل سیشن جج محمد افضل مجوکہ نے سنائی، ملزمان کے خلاف سوشل میڈیا پر توہین آمیز مواد پھیلانے پر ایف آئی اے سائبر کرائم ونگ اسلام آباد میں مقدمہ درج تھا۔

    View on map · Daily Express ↗

  8. Islamabad sessions court sentences 2 to death for blasphemy

    · Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PECA 11; PPC 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298-A

    Two men were sentenced to death by an Islamabad district and sessions court on Thursday for “proliferating blasphemous content” online. According to a first information report (FIR) registered by the Federal Investigation Agency in 2021 — a copy of which is available with Dawn.com — one of the convicts was arrested in Islamabad for creating and disseminating “blasphemous contents … in respect of the Holy Prophet [Peace Be Upon Him]” to a WhatsApp…

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  9. 4 men sentenced to death in Rawalpindi over ‘online blasphemy’: lawyer

    · Rawalpindi, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PECA 11; PPC 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298-A

    A court in Rawalpindi sentenced four men to death for posting blasphemous content online, a prosecution lawyer told AFP on Monday. “They were sentenced to death … on Friday for spreading blasphemous content online against the Prophet Muhammad (PUBH) and the Quran,” Rao Abdur Raheem, a lawyer from the Legal Commission on Blasphemy Pakistan, a private group which brought the case to court, told AFP .

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  10. Man jailed for life in blasphemy case in Karachi

    · Karachi, Sindh · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    KARACHI: A sessions court on Thursday sentenced a man to life imprisonment after convicting him of desecrating the Holy Quran in 2021 within the remits of the Korangi police station. Additional District and Sessions Judge (East) Shahid Ali Memon found the accused guilty and ruled that the prosecution had proven the charge of defiling copies of the Quran under Section 295-B of the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC) beyond a shadow of a doubt.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  11. Blasphemy case against two women in Kasur

    · Kasur, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    Source reports a criminal case (FIR) linked to online activity: "The video of the incident that occurred on Friday went viral on social media on Saturday."

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  12. Blasphemy accused sentenced to life in prison in Lahore

    · Lahore, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B, 295-C

    LAHORE: A sessions court has awarded life term to a man for committing blasphemy in a trial that remained suspended for about two years owing to his mental illness. On the complaint of an ASI, a case was registered under sections 295-B and 295-C of the PPC.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  13. Woman in Lahore gets life term for ‘blasphemy’

    · Lahore, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    LAHORE: A sessions court on Thursday handed down life imprisonment to a woman on the charge of desecration of the Holy Quran. Hayer police registered the first information report of the incident in 2021 under section 295-B of Pakistan Penal Code against ‘A’, 40, a resident of Bedian Road.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  14. Christian couple arrested for alleged desecration in Lahore

    · Lahore, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    LAHORE: A Christian couple was taken into custody after a blasphemy case was registered against them for allegedly desecrating a copy of the Holy Quran in the jurisdiction of North Cantonment Police Station on Saturday.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  15. Three arrested in Abbottabad for blasphemy

    · Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    ABBOTTABAD: The police have arrested two brothers and a transgender person on charges of desecrating the holy Quran in Abbottabad and Havelian.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  16. Killer of blasphemy accused remanded in police custody

    · Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 153-A, 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298; ATA 7, 15

    PESHAWAR: An anti-terrorism court on Thursday remanded the suspected killer of a man accused of blasphemy in police custody for three days. The blasphemy accused, Tahir Ahmad Naseem, was shot down inside a courtroom at the Judicial Complex here on Wednesday.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  17. Man shot dead for ‘blasphemy’ in Pakistan courtroom

    · Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 153-A, 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298; ATA 7, 15

    A man accused of blasphemy for claiming that he was a prophet has been shot dead in a courtroom in the northwestern Pakistani city of Peshawar, police officials say, the latest violence associated with Pakistan’s strict blasphemy laws. “The culprit accepts responsibility for killing him, and says that he killed him for having committed blasphemy,” said police official Ahmed. Also reported by The Guardian and Dawn.

    View on map · Al Jazeera ↗

  18. Man arrested in Rahim Yar Khan for allegedly desecrating Holy Quran

    · Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    A man was arrested in Punjab's Rahim Yar Khan district on Friday for allegedly desecrating a copy of the Holy Quran. A First Information Report (FIR) of the incident was registered against the suspect under Section 295-B (defiling, etc., of Holy Quran) of the Pakistan Penal Code on the complaint of a resident of Manzoorabad.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  19. ‘Blasphemy’ case at shrine in Sialkot

    · Sialkot, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295, 295-B

    SIALKOT: A man was booked for allegedly desecrating the holy Quran inside a shrine at a local graveyard in Kot Chado village, Bheello Mahaar in Daska tehsil on Sunday. According to the first information report, a 45-year-old man was allegedly desecrating copies of the Quran when some locals saw him while passing by after Fajr prayers in a nearby mosque.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  20. Academic Junaid Hafeez sentenced to death on blasphemy charges by Multan court

    · Multan, Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-A, 295-B, 295-C

    A district and sessions court in Multan on Saturday sentenced Junaid Hafeez, a former university lecturer, to death on blasphemy charges. Formerly a visiting lecturer at the Department of English Literature of the Bahauddin Zakariya University (BZU), Multan, Hafeez was booked on blasphemy charges and was arrested by police on March 13, 2013.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  21. Riots erupt as Mirpurkhas vet booked in blasphemy case

    · Mirpurkhas, Sindh · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-A, 295-B, 506; ATA 6, 7

    Mirpurkhas police on late Monday registered a blasphemy case against a veterinary doctor in Phuladiyon and took him into custody. The doctor, who is from the Hindu community, was accused of blasphemy after a man alleged that he had provided medicines wrapped in paper that he claimed "had Quranic verses printed on them".

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  22. Misuse of blasphemy law

    · Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295, 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298-A, 298-B, 298-C

    WHEN the FIA informed the Islamabad High Court the other day that it had no evidence that the five bloggers abducted and detained for many days had committed blasphemy , it did not add anything to the people’s knowledge as they had known this fact all along. (A fifth victim was picked up later on.) Their abduction and detention had certain unique features.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  23. Christian teenager arrested in Punjab over alleged blasphemy

    · Punjab · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B

    A Christian teenager was arrested and imprisoned for allegedly burning pages of the Holy Quran in a village near Wazirabad, Punjab, officials said Sunday. Alipur Chattha police station official Asghar Ali told AFP: "On the night of August 12, police received a complaint that a Christian boy had been found burning pages of the Holy Quran outside a shrine." Ali claimed the 18-year-old had been caught "red-handed" shortly after the complaint had been registered against…

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  24. The hands that killed Mashal

    · Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PPC 295-B, 295-C

    The brutal murder of Mashal Khan in the hostel of Mardan’s Abdul Wali Khan University, after being accused of unspecified blasphemy, has generated an unprecedented wave of public outrage.

    View on map · Dawn ↗

  25. One arrest made in social media blasphemy case, interior ministry tells IHC

    · Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory · Blasphemy Cases · Blasphemy · Law cited: PECA 11; PPC 295-A, 295-B, 295-C, 298-A, 298-B

    As the hearing of a petition seeking removal of blasphemous content from social media resumed on Wednesday, Islamabad High Court (IHC) Justice Shaukat Aziz Siddiqui was told that the interior ministry had made one arrest in the case, while the names of several have been put on the Exit Control List (ECL).

    View on map · Dawn ↗

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